Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces Oscillatory Wall Shear Stress, Atherosclerosis, and Hypertension, Most Likely Mediated via an IL‐1–Mediated Mechanism

ALFAIDI, Mabruka A., CHAMBERLAIN, Janet, ROTHMAN, Alexander, CROSSMAN, David, VILLA‐URIOL, Maria‐Cruz, HADOKE, Patrick, WU, Junxi, SCHENKEL, Torsten, EVANS, Paul C. and FRANCIS, Sheila E. (2018). Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces Oscillatory Wall Shear Stress, Atherosclerosis, and Hypertension, Most Likely Mediated via an IL‐1–Mediated Mechanism. Journal of the American Heart Association, 7 (13), e008757.

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Link to published version:: https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.118.008757

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a complex condition and a common cardiovascular risk factor. Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) modulates atherosclerosis and hypertension, possibly via an inflammatory mechanism. IL‐1 (interleukin 1) has an established role in atherosclerosis and inflammation, although whether IL‐1 inhibition modulates blood pressure is unclear. Methods and Results: Male apoE−/− (apolipoprotein E–null) mice were fed either a high fat diet or a high fat diet plus DHA (300 mg/kg per day) for 12 weeks. Blood pressure and cardiac function were assessed, and effects of DHA on wall shear stress and atherosclerosis were determined. DHA supplementation improved left ventricular function, reduced wall shear stress and oscillatory shear at ostia in the descending aorta, and significantly lowered blood pressure compared with controls (119.5±7 versus 159.7±3 mm Hg, P<0.001, n=4 per group). Analysis of atheroma following DHA feeding in mice demonstrated a 4‐fold reduction in lesion burden in distal aortas and in brachiocephalic arteries (P<0.001, n=12 per group). In addition, DHA treatment selectively decreased plaque endothelial IL‐1β (P<0.01). Conclusions: Our findings revealed that raised blood pressure can be reduced by inhibiting IL‐1 indirectly by administration of DHA in the diet through a mechanism that involves a reduction in wall shear stress and local expression of the proinflammatory cytokine IL‐1β.

Item Type: Article
Research Institute, Centre or Group - Does NOT include content added after October 2018: Materials and Engineering Research Institute > Modelling Research Centre > Materials Modelling group
Departments - Does NOT include content added after October 2018: Faculty of Science, Technology and Arts > Department of Engineering and Mathematics
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.118.008757
Page Range: e008757
Depositing User: Torsten Schenkel
Date Deposited: 04 Jul 2018 10:33
Last Modified: 18 Mar 2021 07:21
URI: https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/21716

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