Beyond Rubik: The Embodiment–Presence–Interactivity Cube Applied to Exercise

BIRD, Jonathan M., KARAGEORGHIS, Costas I., JONES, Leighton, HARRIS, David J., ALHARBI, Mohammed and VINE, Samuel J. (2024). Beyond Rubik: The Embodiment–Presence–Interactivity Cube Applied to Exercise. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, p. 102684.

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Abstract

Evidence-based interventions are needed to promote engagement in physical activity. Audio-visual stimuli are frequently employed to enhance the exercise experience. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of research that examines the qualities of technological devices that are employed. Using the Embodiment–Presence–Interactivity Cube (Flavián et al., 2019) as a guiding conceptual framework, the aim of this registered report was to examine how each dimension of the cube (i.e., embodiment, presence and interactivity) influenced a range of exercise-related affective and perceptual variables. A counterbalanced within-subjects design was employed (N = 24). Participants completed 20-min exercise bouts on a cycle ergometer under four conditions: Television, augmented reality, 360° video and virtual reality. A repeated-measures ANOVA indicated a significant Condition × Timepoint interaction for affective valence (p = .046), with greater embodiment offered by technological devices leading to more positive responses. Analyses also indicated main effects of condition for exercise enjoyment, remembered pleasure and forecasted pleasure, with greater presence of technological devices leading to more positive responses. Technologies that combine high levels of embodiment, presence and interactivity (e.g., virtual reality) appear to yield several benefits in terms of in-task (e.g., affective valence) and post-task (e.g., remembered pleasure) responses for exercise conducted at ventilatory threshold.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	** Article version: AM ** From Elsevier via Jisc Publications Router ** Licence for AM version of this article starting on 02-06-2024: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ **Journal IDs: issn 14690292 **History: issued 01-06-2024; accepted 31-05-2024
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102684
Page Range:	p. 102684
SWORD Depositor:	Colin Knott
Depositing User:	Colin Knott
Date Deposited:	04 Jun 2024 12:37
Last Modified:	04 Jun 2024 12:45
URI:	https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/33776

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