Factors affecting electroplated semiconductor material properties: The case study of deposition temperature on cadmium telluride

OJO, A. A and DHARMADASA, I (2019). Factors affecting electroplated semiconductor material properties: The case study of deposition temperature on cadmium telluride. Coatings, 9 (6), e370.

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Official URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/9/6/370
Link to published version:: https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings9060370

Abstract

Electrodeposition of cadmium telluride (CdTe) on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) using two electrode configurations was successfully achieved with the main focus on the growth temperature. The electroplating temperatures explored ranged between 55 and 85 °C for aqueous electrolytes containing 1.5 M cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate (Cd(NO3)2·4H2O) and 0.002 M tellurium oxide (TeO2). The ensuing CdTe thin-films were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell measurements. The electroplated CdTe thin-films exhibit a dominant (111) CdTe cubic structure, while the crystallite size increases with the increase in the electroplating temperature. The dislocation density and the number of crystallites per unit area decrease with increasing growth temperature. The optical characterization depicts that the CdTe samples show comparable absorbance and a resulting bandgap of 1.51 ± 0.03 eV for as-deposited CdTe layers. A marginal increase in the bandgap and reduction in the absorption edge slope towards lower deposition temperatures were also revealed. The annealed CdTe thin-films showed improvement in the energy bandgap as it tends towards 1.45 eV while retaining the aforementioned absorption edge slope trend. Scanning electron microscopy shows that the underlying FTO layers are well covered with increasing grain size observable relative to the increase in the deposition temperature. The energy dispersive X-ray analyses show an alteration in the Te/Cd relative to the deposition temperature. Higher Te ratio with respect to Cd was revealed at deposition temperature lower than 85 °C. The photoelectrochemical cell study shows that both p- and n-type CdTe can be electroplated and that deposition temperatures below 85 °C at 1400 mV results in p-type CdTe layers.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: ** From MDPI via Jisc Publications Router ** Licence for this article: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ **Journal IDs: eissn 2079-6412 **History: published 07-06-2019; accepted 04-06-2019
Uncontrolled Keywords: electrodeposition, CdTe film, two-electrode configuration, thin films, electroplating temperature
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings9060370
Page Range: e370
SWORD Depositor: Louise Beirne
Depositing User: Louise Beirne
Date Deposited: 12 Jun 2019 12:55
Last Modified: 18 Mar 2021 05:10
URI: https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/24700

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