Effect of stud parameters on traction

Mechanical test devices have previously been used to investigate the influence of shoe and surface parameters on traction forces and moments at the studded shoe-surface interface, often using commercial footwear on natural and artificial sport surfaces [1] and [2]. In such studies trends between traction parameters and stud (cleat) parameters (stud length, shape and configuration) have been observed. However, the literature shows conflicting relationships regarding even the qualitative influence of a particular stud parameter's influence on traction. This can be attributed to multiple parameters being varied from test to test when commercial shoes are used. Barry and Milburn [3] modified their traction rig in order to test a variety of studs at different positions, providing insight into which stud positions have the most influence on tractive forces and moments