Discovering the gaps in enterprise systems via conceptual graphs and formal concept analysis

Enterprise systems such as SAP are software applications that are intended to bring the productivity of computers to bear on the human endeavour of enterprise. An industrial-strength SAP enterprise information model was rendered as meta-object!relation!meta-object in Conceptual Graphs (CGs). Then Formal Concept Analysis (FCA)'s CGtoFCA algorithm was used to generate the meta-objectarelation!metaobject binaries, revealing gaps in some of model's key performance indicators that human decision-makers need to realise the enterprise's vision.