Interrelationship between atomic species, bias voltage, texture and microstructure of nano-scale multilayers

LEWIS, D.B., LUO, Q., HOVSEPIAN, P. E. and MUNZ, W.D. (2004). Interrelationship between atomic species, bias voltage, texture and microstructure of nano-scale multilayers. Surface and Coatings Technology, 184 (2-3), 225-232.

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Abstract

A matrix of binary and ternary nitrides containing lighter elements (Al, Ti, V and Cr) with atomic mass <52 and heavier elements (Nb and W) with atomic mass >89 has been formulated. These have been grown as nano-scale multilayer coatings (bilayer thickness approx. 3.0 nm) on stainless steel substrates using an industrial size multiple-target ABS coater. When lighter elements are incorporated into the multilayer at a lower bias voltage (U-B = -75 V) pronounced {111} or {110}, textures develop which are determined by the dominating species present. A {111} or {110} texture develops when TiAlN or VN and or CrN dominates the matrix, respectively. In contrast when a heavier element is incorporated a {100} texture is observed. Additionally, there is a strong indication that in the case when heavy elements (>89) are involved in the growth process, which evolves by continuous re-nucleation. Conversely, when only light elements (<52) are involved then the coating evolves by competitive growth. This observation is limited only for the lower bias voltage range of U-B -75 to -120 V However, as the bias voltage is increased (up to U-B = -150 V) the texture becomes increasingly sharp and in all cases a {111} texture develops. A lower residual compressive stress (typically -1.8 GPa) is observed when one of the bi-layers is dominated by a heavier element. The stress increases (up to -6.8 GPa) in these coatings when the bias voltage is increased to U-B = -150 V which is always systematically lower than in coatings containing only lighter elements which are typically up to -11.7 GPa at the same bias voltage. In parallel this results in an increase in plastic hardness (80 GPa) and in the sliding wear coefficient by an order of magnitude regardless of the type of lattice growth observed.

Item Type:	Article
Research Institute, Centre or Group - Does NOT include content added after October 2018:	Materials and Engineering Research Institute > Materials Analysis and Research Services Materials and Engineering Research Institute > Advanced Coatings and Composites Research Centre > Nanotechnology Centre for PVD Research
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.11.005
Page Range:	225-232
Depositing User:	Ann Betterton
Date Deposited:	16 Feb 2010 14:58
Last Modified:	18 Mar 2021 02:07
URI:	https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/1129

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