Nutrition, fruits and vegetable intake and lipid profile of obese and non-obese schoolchildren in Bandar Lampung Indonesia: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: There is currently no data on the prevalence of obesity and lipid profile as well as nutrition and food intake of elementary schoolchildren in Bandar Lampung city. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate obesity prevalence and dyslipidemia in children. Design, setting, and participants: Cross-sectional study on grade 4 school children in Bandar Lampung Indonesia (n = 392). Outcome measures: Characteristics of schoolchildren and their family, nutrition, fruits, and vegetable intakes, and physical activities, body mass index (BMI) and lipid profile were collected from 392 children of grade 4 from five elementary schools in Bandar Lampung. One-way ANOVA and correlation analysis were applied with BMI and lipid profiles as dependent variables. Results: The incidence of undernutrition (7.7%) was lower than the incidence of overnutrition (26.3%). Energy, protein and fat daily intake were higher for children with higher BMI, however, carbohydrate consumption was not affecting the BMI. Obese children had more vegetable and fruit intake than wasting children and spent 30 minutes less in physical activity than normal children. Lipid plasma of schoolchildren was considered as acceptable or borderline high except for the TG of obese children in the high category. Conclusions: Prevalence of obesity was high and being obese was more likely to result in higher TG and lower HDL. The lifestyle of obese schoolchildren was characterized by a high intake of energy, protein, and fat and lower physical activities. Encouraging schoolchildren to modify their lifestyles is recommended.