Structure–property relationships in (1 − x)BaTiO3–xBiGdO3 ceramics

SCHILEO, Giorgio, FETEIRA, Antonio, REICHMANN, Klaus, LI, Ming and SINCLAIR, Derek (2015). Structure–property relationships in (1 − x)BaTiO3–xBiGdO3 ceramics. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 35 (9), 2479-2488.

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Abstract

(1 − x)BaTiO3–xBiGdO3 ceramics were prepared by the solid state reaction method. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy indicate a maximum co-solubility of Bi/Gd in BaTiO3 at x = 0.10 with a change of symmetry from tetragonal to pseudo-cubic at x = 0.08. Backscattered electron images, however, reveal the presence of a secondary phase in x ≥ 0.06. The dielectric behaviour evolves continuously with x from a classical ferroelectric to a typical relaxor and this transition is accompanied by a shift in the permittivity maxima towards lower temperatures. The presence of two dielectric anomalies for x ≥ 0.06 is associated with residual core–shell structures, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy. The dielectric anomaly associated with the core regions remains at ∼120 °C, whereas the other anomaly decreases continuously towards lower temperature with x. This study shows that chemical equilibrium is much more difficult to achieve than in other (1 − x)BaTiO3–xBi[Me]O3 systems, where Me is Yb or Sc.

Item Type:	Article
Research Institute, Centre or Group - Does NOT include content added after October 2018:	Materials and Engineering Research Institute > Structural Materials and Integrity Research Centre > Centre for Corrosion Technology
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2015.03.004
Page Range:	2479-2488
Depositing User:	Antonio Feteira
Date Deposited:	07 May 2015 10:16
Last Modified:	18 Mar 2021 06:01
URI:	https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/9658

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