Antimicrobial Fe 2 O 3 -CuO-P 2 O 5 glasses

MITCHELL, Alexandra L., LEE, Sung Hoon, MCENROE, David J., NULL, Eric L., STERNQUIST, Daniel A., HUFZIGER, Kathryn A., RICE, Brian J., SCRIMSHIRE, Alex, BINGHAM, Paul and GROSS, Timothy M. (2023). Antimicrobial Fe 2 O 3 -CuO-P 2 O 5 glasses. Scientific Reports, 13 (1): 17472.

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Abstract

Glasses with high antimicrobial efficacy were developed in the Fe2O3-CuO-P2O5 ternary system to mitigate fomite-mediated transmission of infectious diseases in high-risk settings such as hospitals, daycares, and nursing homes. Binary CuO-P2O5 glasses were not durable enough for use as high touch point articles, so Fe2O3 was added to the compositions to increase the chemical durability. The amount of Cu leachate decreased by at least 3 orders of magnitude when Fe2O3 was increased from 0 to 13.1 mol%. At the highest Fe2O3 contents and corresponding highest durability, the glass was no longer able to pass a test of antimicrobial efficacy with < 3 log kill compared to > 5 log kill for all other compositions. Ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations showed increasing bridging oxygen species at the expense of non-bridging oxygen species with the increase in Fe2O3 content, showing that the glasses exhibited increased chemical durability because they were more interconnected and structurally bound. Experimental results with glasses at fixed CuO and decreasing Fe2O3 confirmed that Fe2O3 content (not CuO) controlled the Cu release rate and, thus, the antimicrobial efficacy of the glasses. The significance of the oxidation state of the leached Cu was overwhelmed by the importance of the amount of Cu leachate.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	** From Springer Nature via Jisc Publications Router ** Licence for this article: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ** Acknowledgements: The authors would like the acknowledge Joseph Elliot for designing and building the equipment to allow the glasses to quench in an inert atmosphere as well as for his assistance melting and forming the glasses. We are also very grateful to Brett Abel for conducting the XRD measurements, Jackie Kurzejewski for conducting the antimicrobial efficacy testing, and Brandon Smith for running the leaching experiment. We thank Dr. Bavani Balakrisnan for help designing the leaching study and useful discussion and Dr. Venkatesh Botu for his contributions to the AIMD code and thoughtful discussion. **Journal IDs: eissn 2045-2322 **Article IDs: publisher-id: s41598-023-44743-x; manuscript: 44743 **History: collection 12-2023; online 14-10-2023; published_online 14-10-2023; accepted 11-10-2023; registration 11-10-2023; submitted 03-04-2023
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-44743-x
SWORD Depositor:	Colin Knott
Depositing User:	Colin Knott
Date Deposited:	17 Oct 2023 09:06
Last Modified:	17 Oct 2023 09:15
URI:	https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/32554

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