End-to-end SARS-CoV-2 transmission risks in sport: Current evidence and practical recommendations

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JONES, Ben, PHILLIPS, Gemma, VALERIANI, Federica, EDWARDS, Thomas, ADAMS, Emily, BONADONNA, Lucia, COPELAND, Robert, CROSS, Matthew, DALTON, Caroline, HODGSON, Lisa, JIMENEZ, Alfonso, KEMP, Simon, PATRICIOS, Jon, ROMANO SPICA, Vincenzo, STOKES, Keith, WEED, Mike and BEGGS, Clive (2021). End-to-end SARS-CoV-2 transmission risks in sport: Current evidence and practical recommendations. South African Journal of Sports Medicine, 33 (1), 1-17. [Article]

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Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused disruption to professional and recreational sports across the world. The SARS-CoV-2 virus can be transmitted by relatively large respiratory droplets that behave ballistically, and exhaled aerosol droplets, which potentially pose a greater risk. This review provides a summary of end-to-end SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk factors for sport and an overview of transmission mechanisms to be considered by all stakeholders. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is greatest indoors, and primarily influenced by the ventilation of the environment and the close proximity of individuals. The SARS-CoV-2 transmission risks outdoors, e.g. via water, and from fomites, appear less than initially thought. Mitigation strategies include good end-to-end scenario planning of activities to optimise physical distancing, face mask wearing and hygiene practice of individuals, the environment and equipment. The identification and removal of infectious individuals should be undertaken by means of the taking of temperature and COVID-19 symptom screening, and the use of diagnostic monitoring tests to identify asymptomatic individuals. Using adequate video footage, data from proximity technology and subject interviews, the identification and isolation of ‘close contacts’ should also be undertaken to limit SARS-CoV-2 transmission within sporting environments and into the wider community. Sports should aim to undertake activities outdoors where possible, given the lower SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk, in comparison to indoor environments
More Information
Official URL:
https://journals.assaf.org.za/index.php/sajsm/arti...
Open Access URL:
https://journals.assaf.org.za/index.php/sajsm/arti...
Open Access Version:
Published version
Uncontrolled Keywords:
1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences
Page Range:
1-17

Identifiers

Identification Number:
10.17159/2078-516x/2021/v33i1a11210
ORCID for Ben Jones: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-4274-6236
ORCID for Gemma Phillips: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-0947-0677
ORCID for Federica Valeriani: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-5997-1387
ORCID for Thomas Edwards: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-4058-4461
ORCID for Emily Adams: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-0816-2835
ORCID for Lucia Bonadonna: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-8395-0591
ORCID for Robert Copeland: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-2606-2288
ORCID for Matthew Cross: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-8586-9965
ORCID for Caroline Dalton: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-1404-873X
ORCID for Lisa Hodgson: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-3891-5540
ORCID for Alfonso Jimenez: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-1043-6759
ORCID for Simon Kemp: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-3250-2713
ORCID for Jon Patricios: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6829-4098
ORCID for Vincenzo Romano Spica: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-2900-6399
ORCID for Keith Stokes: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-5049-2838
ORCID for Mike Weed: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-9768-4677
ORCID for Clive Beggs: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6460-9937

Library

Item Type:
Article
SWORD Depositor:
Symplectic Elements
Depositing User:
Symplectic Elements
Date Deposited:
16 Aug 2021 12:59
Last Modified:
18 Dec 2024 20:06
Date of first compliant deposit:
16 August 2021
Date of first compliant Open Access:
16 August 2021
Version of first compliant deposit:
Version of Record
URI:
https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/28946
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