Novel nano-/micro-biocatalyst: soybean epoxide hydrolase immobilized on UiO-66-NH2 MOF for efficient biosynthesis of enantiopure (R)-1, 2-octanediol in deep eutectic solvents

The nano-/microscale UiO-66-NH2 metal–organic framework (MOF) materials were successfully prepared with a uniform size of about 350–400 nm and structurally characterized. Soybean epoxide hydrolase (SEH), a useful hydrolase for synthesis of valuable vicinal diols, was for the first time efficiently immobilized onto the prepared UiO-66-NH2 MOF. The resulting novel nano-/microbiocatalyst SEH@UiO-66-NH2 manifested high SEH loading (87.3 mg/g) and enzyme activity recovery (88.0%). The novel SEH@UiO-66-NH2 greatly surpassed the free SEH with respect to pH stability, thermostability, and tolerance to organic solvents. SEH@UiO-66-NH2 retained more than 17.6 U activity after 2 h of incubation at 45 °C, whereas free SEH maintained around 10.1 U activity under the same conditions. After storage at 4 °C for 4 weeks, the prepared SEH@UiO-66-NH2 still retained around 97.5% of its initial activity. The significant enhancements resulted from the increase of structural rigidity of SEH@UiO-66-NH2, which was demonstrated by the secondary structure analysis of the enzyme. The optimun pH and tempearture of SEH@UiO-66-NH2 were significantly superior to the corresponding levels of its free counterpart. Also, SEH@UiO-66-NH2 manifested markedly enhanced enzyme–substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency compared to free SEH, as supported by a lower apparent Km value (6.5 vs 19.2 mM) and an increased Vmax/Km value (8.0 × 10–3 vs 5.8 × 10–3 min–1), respectively. Furthermore, the as-prepared SEH@UiO-66-NH2, for the first time, was successfully applied as an efficient biocatalyst for the asymmetric hydrolysis of 1,2-epoxyoctane to (R)-1,2-octanediol in a novel deep eutectic solvent (DES) with a yield of around 41.4% and a product e.e. value of 81.2%. Remarkably, the nano-/microscale UiO-66-NH2 MOFs as novel enzyme support materials are promising for enzyme immobilization, and the prepared SEH@UiO-66-NH2 exhibited great potential for efficient biosynthesis of enantipure (R)-1,2-octanediol.