The Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation, Alcohol Reduction, Diet and Physical Activity Interventions in Improving Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses.

HAYES, Louise, MCPARLIN, Catherine, AZEVEDO, Liane, JONES, Dan, NEWHAM, James, OLAJIDE, Joan, MCCLEMAN, Louise and HESLEHURST, Nicola (2021). The Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation, Alcohol Reduction, Diet and Physical Activity Interventions in Improving Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses. Nutrients, 13 (3): 1036.

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Abstract

Diet, physical activity, smoking and alcohol behaviour-change interventions delivered in pregnancy aim to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. This review reports a synthesis of evidence from meta-analyses on the effectiveness of interventions at reducing risk of adverse health outcomes. Sixty-five systematic reviews (63 diet and physical activity; 2 smoking) reporting 602 meta-analyses, published since 2011, were identified; no data were identified for alcohol interventions. A wide range of outcomes were reported, including gestational weight gain, hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes (GDM) and fetal growth. There was consistent evidence from diet and physical activity interventions for a significantly reduced mean gestational weight gain (ranging from -0.21 kg (95% confidence interval -0.34, -0.08) to -5.77 kg (95% CI -9.34, -2.21). There was evidence from larger diet and physical activity meta-analyses for a significant reduction in postnatal weight retention, caesarean delivery, preeclampsia, hypertension, GDM and preterm delivery, and for smoking interventions to significantly increase birth weight. There was no statistically significant evidence of interventions having an effect on low or high birthweight, neonatal intensive care unit admission, Apgar score or mortality outcomes. Priority areas for future research to capitalise on pregnancy as an opportunity to improve the lifelong wellbeing of women and their children are highlighted.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Humans; Pregnancy Complications; Diabetes, Gestational; Pre-Eclampsia; Hypertension; Birth Weight; Weight Gain; Pregnancy Outcome; Exercise; Diet; Smoking Cessation; Evidence-Based Medicine; Pregnancy; Infant; Female; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Infant Health; alcohol; diet; intervention; physical activity; pregnancy; smoking; systematic review; Birth Weight; Diabetes, Gestational; Diet; Evidence-Based Medicine; Exercise; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Infant; Infant Health; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Smoking Cessation; Weight Gain; 0908 Food Sciences; 1111 Nutrition and Dietetics; 3202 Clinical sciences; 3210 Nutrition and dietetics; 4206 Public health
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13031036
SWORD Depositor:	Symplectic Elements
Depositing User:	Symplectic Elements
Date Deposited:	18 Apr 2024 11:19
Last Modified:	18 Apr 2024 11:30
URI:	https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/33432

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