DENNISS, Rebecca, BARKER, Lynne and DAY, Catherine (2019). Improvement in cognition following double-blind randomized micronutrient interventions in the general population. Frontiers in Behavioural Neuroscience, 13, p. 115.
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Normative journal article.pdf - Published Version
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Abstract
The impact of poor nutrition on physiological health is well understood (Costarelli
et al., 2013). Less is known about the effects of diet on brain function and cognition
in the general population (Ames, 2010; Parletta et al., 2013; White et al., 2017)
and we are still in the early stages of understanding the role of specific nutrients
to normal and pathological neuronal functioning. In the present study, the putative
effect of a multivitamin/mineral or vitamin D supplement on cognitive function over
an 8-week period was compared with volunteers taking vitamin C. Healthy adults
(N = 60) were recruited, age range 21–59 years (Nx = 39.07 years, SD = 11.46), with
participants randomly allocated to conditions in a double-blind protocol. Participants
also completed a 14-day food diary to gather information on micronutrient intake.
The cognitive test battery included measures from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence
Scale-III (WAIS-III; Wechsler et al., 2008), Wechsler Memory Scale-IV (WMS-IV;
Wechsler, 2009) and Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS; Delis et al.,
2001), along with the Doors and People (Baddeley et al., 1994) and a serial reaction time
task. Analyses showed better performance on some tasks in all groups following the
intervention period, notably on measures of verbal and visual memory and visuomotor
processing speed. The Multivitamin group showed significant improvements on tasks
of visual strategy generation (along with the Vitamin C group), motor planning, explicit
and implicit learning, and working memory. This evidence suggests that sub-optimal
micronutrient intake may have a negative effect on cognition across the lifespan.
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