GOODWILL, S. R. and HAAKE, Steve (2004). Aerodynamics of tennis balls - effect of wear. In: HUBBARD, M., MEHTA, R. D. and PALLIS, J. M., (eds.) The engineering of sport 5. International sports engineering assocation, 35-41.
Abstract
The aerodynamic properties of spinning balls were obtained using a wind tunnel with a dedicated force balance. The ball was spun at rates of up to 2750 rpm, which is representative of a typical top spin shot hit by a professional player. Drag and life coefficients (CD and CL respectively) were measured for a range of balls which had been subjected to varying amounts of wear. Both CD and CL of the worn balls were generally lower than those of the new balls. A trajectory plot was used to show that the heavily worn balls would give a receiver 1.5% less reaction time.
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