GOFF, John, KELLEY, John, HOBSON, Chad, SEO, Kazuya, ASAI, Takeshi and CHOPPIN, Simon (2017). Creating drag and lift curves from soccer trajectories. European Journal of Physics, 38 (4).
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Abstract
Trajectory analysis is an alternative to using wind tunnels to measure a soccer balls aerodynamic properties. It has advantages over wind tunnel testing such as being more representative of game play. However, previous work has not presented a method that produces complete, speed -dependent drag and lift coefficients. Four high-speed cameras in stereo-calibrated pairs were used to measure the spatial co-ordinates for 29 separate soccer trajectories. Those trajectories span a range of launch speeds from 9.3 m/s to 29.9 m/s. That range encompasses low-speed laminar flow of air over a soccer ball, through the drag crises where air flow is both laminar and turbulent, and up to high-speed turbulent air flow. Results from trajectory analysis were combined to give speed-dependent drag and lift coefficient curves for the entire range of speeds found in the 29 trajectories. Average root mean square error between measured and modelled trajectory was 0.028 m horizontally and 0.034 m vertically. The drag and lift crises can be observed in the plots of drag and lift coefficients respectively.
Item Type: | Article |
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Research Institute, Centre or Group - Does NOT include content added after October 2018: | Centre for Sports Engineering Research |
Identification Number: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/aa6fcd |
Depositing User: | Jill Hazard |
Date Deposited: | 12 May 2017 13:03 |
Last Modified: | 18 Mar 2021 18:01 |
URI: | https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/15728 |
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