Orientation of axes in the elbow and forearm for biomechanical modeling

STAERCK, GN, BARTLETT, RM, WHEAT, JS and MILNER, CE (2005). Orientation of axes in the elbow and forearm for biomechanical modeling. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23 (2), 103-104.

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Abstract

To extend an already existing three-dimensional (3-D) model of the shoulder (Van der Helm, 1994) a cadaver study was performed in which quantitative information on the 3-D orientations of rotation axes in the upper extremity was collected. To calculate axes, we measured the glenohumeral, humeroulnar and ulnoradial movements on five human cadaver arms (four right arms, one left). Movement was measured with an electromagnetic tracking system which sensors were directly attached to scapula, humerus, ulna and radius. In addition, a series of anatomical landmarks was measured. From the tracking data, the Instantaneous Helical Axes (IHA) were calculated, as well as the resulting optimal mean Gleno-Humeral (GH) center of rotation, Flexion-Extension (FE) axis and Pronation-Supination (PS) axis. To allow for the construction of a musculoskeletal model, anatomical landmarks, were transformed from the global measurement co-ordinate system to separate local co-ordinate systems, related to the rotation center and axes of rotation. The FE- and PS-axis could be determined accurately and were found to be almost perpendicular (88.9 ± 5.1°) and crossed at 3.3 ± 0.8 mm. It is suggested that forearm movements can be modelled with a two Degree-of-Freedom model.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Abstract from the Annual Conference of the British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences
Research Institute, Centre or Group - Does NOT include content added after October 2018:	Centre for Sports Engineering Research
Page Range:	103-104
Depositing User:	Carole Harris
Date Deposited:	11 Aug 2016 10:38
Last Modified:	18 Mar 2021 18:07
URI:	https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/12825

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