ECHEND, O.K., MBAMARA, U.S., OKEOMA, K.B., IROEGBU, C., MADU, C. A., NDUKWE, I.C. and DHARMADASA, I.M. (2016). Effects of deposition time and post-deposition annealing on the physical and chemical properties of electrodeposited CdS thin films for solar cell application. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 27 (10), 10180-10191.
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Abstract
CdS thin films were cathodically electrodeposited by means of a two-electrode deposition system for different durations. The films were characterised for their structural, optical, morphological and compositional properties using x-ray diffraction (XRD), spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) respectively. The results obtained show that the physical and chemical properties of these films are significantly influenced by the deposition time and post-deposition annealing. This influence manifests more in the as-deposited materials than in the annealed ones. XRD results show that the crystallite sizes of the different films are in the range (9.4 – 65.8) nm and (16.4 – 66.0) nm in the as-deposited and annealed forms respectively. Optical measurements show that the absorption coefficients are in the range (2.7×104 – 6.7×104) cm-1 and (4.3×104 – 7.2×104) cm-1 respectively for as-deposited and annealed films. The refractive index is in the range (2.40 – 2.60) for as-deposited films and come to the value of 2.37 after annealing. The extinction coefficient varies in the range (0.1 – 0.3) in asdeposited films and becomes 0.1 in annealed films. The estimated energy bandgap of the films is in the range (2.48 – 2.50) eV for as-deposited films and becomes 2.42 eV for all annealed films. EDX results show that all the films are S-rich in chemical composition with fairly uniform Cd/S ratio after annealing. The results show that annealing improves the qualities of the films and deposition time can be used to control the film thickness. Keywords: Electrodeposition; two-electrode system; CdS; annealing; deposition time; thin-film.
Item Type: | Article |
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Research Institute, Centre or Group - Does NOT include content added after October 2018: | Materials and Engineering Research Institute > Advanced Coatings and Composites Research Centre > Electronic Materials and Sensors Research Group |
Identification Number: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-5095-z |
Page Range: | 10180-10191 |
Depositing User: | Jill Hazard |
Date Deposited: | 02 Jun 2016 14:20 |
Last Modified: | 18 Mar 2021 00:40 |
URI: | https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/12525 |
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