Repeatability of a bending stiffness test for snowboarding wrist protectors

LESLIE, G., WINWOOD, K., WANG, W., HAMILTON, Nick and ALLEN, T. (2023). Repeatability of a bending stiffness test for snowboarding wrist protectors. Sports Engineering, 26 (1): 6.

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Abstract

Snowboarding wrist protectors are typically designed to limit impact forces and prevent wrist hyperextension. The standard for snowboarding wrist protectors (ISO 20320:2020) includes a test for measuring their bending stiffness, when fitted to a wrist surrogate. This test serves as a simple means of assessing the ability of wrist protectors to prevent wrist hyperextension. Wrist protector bending stiffness measurements have been shown to be influenced by surrogate design, protector strapping condition, and surrogate surface compliance. Currently, there is a lack of knowledge on the repeatability of bending stiffness measurements, as previous studies have conducted tests during one session. This study investigated the repeatability of a bending stiffness test, by testing two snowboarding wrist protectors (short and long) on two wrist surrogates (compliant and stiff), under three protector strapping conditions (loose, moderate, tight), across three repeated test sessions. Test session had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on torque values, with a large effect size (ηp2 > 0.14), indicating the test had limited repeatability between test sessions. Despite this limited repeatability, torque values increased with both wrist angle and strap tightness, as reported before, indicating consistent trends in results. The outer surface compliance of the surrogate did not significantly affect the protector’s sensitivity to test session nor strapping condition.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	** From Springer Nature via Jisc Publications Router ** Licence for this article: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ** Acknowledgements: Acknowledgements: We would like to thank Manchester Metropolitan University for funding this research, the technicians for fabricating the rig, and Lizzie Adshead for assistance during testing. **Journal IDs: pissn 1369-7072; eissn 1460-2687 **Article IDs: publisher-id: s12283-022-00397-y; manuscript: 397 **History: published 12-2023; online 16-01-2023; published 16-01-2023; accepted 22-12-2022; registration 22-12-2022
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Technical Note, The Engineering of Sport 14
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1007/s12283-022-00397-y
SWORD Depositor:	Colin Knott
Depositing User:	Colin Knott
Date Deposited:	23 Jan 2023 10:16
Last Modified:	12 Oct 2023 08:00
URI:	https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/31309

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